Generative Artificial Intelligence in English Academic Writing: A Systematic Review

Abstract

This systematic review examines the researches on Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) in English academic writing from 2021 to 2026. Following PRISMA guidelines, we analyzed 92 articles from various databases to explore the field’s progression, including the effects of GenAI on English academic writing and whether individual differences and psychological variables matter. Besides, Interaction Modes and Reliance Issues are also explored. The findings reveal an unprecedented growth in publications, with a significant shift from exploratory researches to systematic case studies. The analysis identified different opportunities provided in different stages of academic writing: In pre-writing stage, GenAI can help brainstorm ideas and clarify task requirements, and it enables fluent and accurate expression of ideas in while-writing stage. Besides, it improves textual accuracy and revision efficiency when drafting. However, it also posts challenges at the same time. This review provides a clearer understanding of GenAI’s role in English academic writing and offers implications for both research and pedagogical practice.