Bridging Theory and Practice: Applying Ostrom’s Law to Real-World Resource Management

Abstract

This article aims to address the practical application of Elinor Ostrom's contributions to resolve issues related to collective action in three key areas: (1) the establishment of  institutions, (2) adherence to collective obligations, and (3) mutual monitoring. The article explores the appropriate ways to implement Ostrom's theories across different regions and communities. The discussion begins by outlining Ostrom's significant contribution to economic theory, and this contribution is often referred to as "Ostrom's Law." This principle posits that a resource arrangement that works in practice can work in theory, challenging the prevailing belief that common-pool resources are inherently mismanaged and require either centralized regulation or privatization. The article further examines the potential for developing a practical model for future collective, coordinated actions, which would incorporate both the strengths and limitations of Ostrom's economic theory. Five models for the creation of new collective agreements, as proposed in Ostrom’s works are analyzed, alongside practical examples from countries such as Spain, Philippines, Nepal, and Turkey, where Ostrom's principles have been effectively applied in the management of natural resources. Ostrom's analytical methods and her conclusions regarding collective action theory hold significant value for developing practical tools for direct implementation, particularly in contexts of rapid development, such as those faced by nations, organizations, and smaller collectives. The methodology in 'Bridging Theory and Practice: Applying Ostrom’s Law to Real-World Resource Management' combines qualitative case studies, comparative analysis, and theoretical modeling to explore the practical application of Elinor Ostrom's theories of collective action and management.