Breaking Down SCAD: A Deep Dive into Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection (SCAD)

Abstract

Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection (SCAD) is a rare, non-atherosclerotic cause of acute coronary syndrome, mainly seen in females with non-traditional cardiovascular risk factors. This case report follows a 44-year-old female who experienced a sudden onset of severe chest pain, which was attributed to SCAD following a coronary angiogram. This case emphasizes the importance of recognizing such presentations within the emergency department, particularly regarding differential diagnosis of chest pain following emotional or physical stressors. It also highlights the need for a multidisciplinary approach in terms of proper management with cardiology, emergency medicine, and mental health care to reduce the risk of reoccurrence. This case report aids in underscoring SCAD’s significance as a potential cause of ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction in what is noted as a low-risk population and the critical role of awareness and education in terms of its diagnosis and management.