Distribution of Genetic Polymorphisms of the Agt M235t Gene in Hypertension Patients Taking Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor (ACEi) Drugs in Indonesia

Abstract

The condition of high blood pressure is characterized by a systolic pressure (TDS) ≤140 mmHg and a diastolic pressure (TDD) ≥ 90 mmHG. The M235T gene polymorphism inside the AGT gene has the potential to serve as a biomarker for the early identification and detection of hypertensive disease. The presence of the TT genotype and the T allele in the AGT M235T gene is associated with an increased susceptibility to hypertension. Furthermore, the study revealed a notable disparity in the occurrence of the AGTM235T variant (rs699) between individuals with hypertension and the control group. The objective of the study is to see the distribution of genetic polymorphism of AGT M235T gene in hypertensive patients taking Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor (ACEi) drugs. This study used the Narrative Review Method with a comprehensive systematic review of articles that have been published from 2013 to 2023 in English using the MEDLINE (PubMed), Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library databases. The AGT M235T polymorphism has been found to have a significant association with the use of ACEi medications in individuals diagnosed with hypertension, as indicated by several investigations. This study exhibits certain limitations and needs additional prospective investigations to corroborate the findings. In some studies, AGT M235T polymorphism in hypertension patients has a strong correlation with ACEi drugs.