Mu'tazlites Band: A Study of the Causes of Weakness and Fading

Abstract

The Mu'tazilites obtained the concern of many thinkers and researchers, they devoted themselves to studying their ideas and beliefs adopted by the ruling authority since the beginning of the Caliph Al-Ma'moon reign (198-218 H./ 813-833 A.D), especially it was connected with the plight of Imam Ahmed Bin Hanbal (241 H./ 855 A.D), but the fame of Mu'tazilites started to fade at the beginning of Mutawakkil Caliphate (332 – 347 H./ 943 – 958 A.D), more accurate meaning, their doctrine became no longer an ideological doctrine with followers as another doctrine such as Shia and Sufis, this is in addition to Hanbali doctrine. These all were popular to the public till they led to its sustainability and continuation to the present time. However, the Mu'tazilites doctrine was confirmed by the elite intellectuals’ minds. The significance of the study came from many thinkers and historians who dedicated their study to the principles of Mu'tazilites. They deeply studied their principles and analyzed them. Thinkers and historians were interested in historical aspects, those important to hasten the end of their doctrine. In addition to the political factors and beliefs, people of the public played an important role in ending their doctrine, which was confined to caliphs and the elite of intellectuals and philosophers. The Mu'tazilites stand, and the ruling authority from Ahmed Bin Hanbal contributed to what is known as the plight of having a hostile attitude towards Mu'tazilites.