Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Sustainable Environmental Remediation: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

This review highlights the extensive applications of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) in environmental remediation, such as water treatment, air purification, soil remediation, and waste management. TENGs harvest mechanical energy from ambient sources and convert it into electrical energy through the triboelectric effect, offering a sustainable solution to self-powered environmental systems. Recent advances in materials, particularly biopolymers and nanocomposites, have significantly enhanced energy conversion efficiency and eco-friendliness. Despite their promise, challenges such as material limitations, efficiency issues, and scalability remain. This review emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration and innovation in overcoming these challenges and realizing the full potential of TENGs in addressing critical global environmental issues.