AI-Enabled Facility Management in Smart Hospitals: A Technical Review of IoT and EMR Integration on Enterprise Cloud Platforms

Abstract

Healthcare facilities are experiencing a transformational shift through the implementation of AI-enabled facility management systems that integrate Internet of Things sensor networks with Electronic Medical Record data via enterprise cloud platforms. This technical review explores how artificial intelligence algorithms process cross-domain information to optimize hospital operations across multiple dimensions, including energy management, space utilization, equipment maintenance, and patient safety protocols. The integration of IoT sensors throughout hospital infrastructure creates comprehensive environmental monitoring networks that enable real-time decision-making and predictive maintenance strategies. Electronic Medical Record integration allows for personalized environmental controls based on patient-specific requirements and clinical protocols. Enterprise cloud platforms provide the computational infrastructure necessary for processing vast amounts of sensor data while ensuring scalability and system reliability. AI algorithms demonstrate remarkable capabilities in predictive maintenance through machine learning models that identify equipment failure patterns, energy optimization through intelligent HVAC and lighting systems, space utilization through dynamic bed allocation and operating room scheduling, and safety compliance through automated monitoring of healthcare regulations and environmental parameters. Implementation challenges include data interoperability across diverse hospital information systems, cybersecurity concerns related to expanded attack surfaces from IoT deployments, regulatory compliance requirements, and change management for staff training and adoption. The technology represents a fundamental departure from reactive maintenance protocols toward proactive, data-driven facility management systems that enhance operational efficiency while improving patient care outcomes and environmental sustainability.