A Sequence-Connection Oriented Scheme for Detecting Gray/Black Hole Attacks in Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks

Abstract

Security of routing protocols for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) have been studied extensively. Malicious nodes habitually intervene the process of route establishment and make it complicated to build a reasonable route. In the literature, various mechanisms presented which claim to build secure routes are prone to gray and black hole attacks. In this paper, a novel method is proposed that efficiently detects gray hole attack in addition to detecting black hole attacks. The proposed technique uses two modes, connection oriented and connection-less oriented mode depending on a sequence number sent in the route request packets. A deep and extensive analysis is performed to prove the efficiency of the proposed method as well as show how it prevents malicious nodes from deteriorating the packet forwarding process. The analysis encompasses both presenting the attacks on routing protocols and proofs of how this suggested protocol detects and prevents these attacks. According to the theoretical analysis, the proposed method is expected to maintain great ratio of packet delivery even under gray/black hole attack conditions. This expectation is based on the rigorous prevention of the attacks which leads to build more successful routes.