An Analytical Study of Administrative Deviations (Functional and Field Guidance) For Volleyball Coaches in Iraq from the Players’ Point of View

The study was concerned with functional deviation and field guidance, which does not use administrative and leadership positions correctly, and their decisions come unlike the public and private interest and come negatively at the level of the players. The study aimed to measure volleyball coaches' administrative and guiding administrative deviation and determine the standard levels of job administrative deviation and thereby the guidance for volleyball coaches. The research problem came with a weakness of the administrative cadres working in the sports sector and the administrator of the volleyball game and increased administrative deviations and field guidance among members of the Central Volleyball Federation. The researchers used the descriptive approach in the survey method due to its suitability for the current nature of the study. The research sample community was chosen by volleyball players from the Premier League clubs (Elite), and the number (114) players by (8) teams, and the research sample was chosen in a random way. The overall sample was divided into two parts, the first was the building sample, with numbered (27) players, and the second section is to the application sample, which numbered (81) players. The conclusions were released, the most important of which was the presence of differences in the levels of functional deviation and field guidance.


Definition of Research 1.Introduction Research and importance
The public administration entered all areas of life and affected a direct impact and had a tangible and tangible role. The administration branched into several branches. Among these branches, the sports administration, which is concerned with all sports fields of planning and decision, the rest of the sports administration specializations that are concerned with administrative bodies, coaches, players, referees, journalists, fans, sports events in general, and the effectiveness of volleyball in particular. The sports administration came in support of the correct organizational process that addresses errors, failures, and non -disciplined administrative behavior, evaluating the work in the right direction, diagnosing the defect, and finding appropriate solutions. Volleyball has evolved a lot in terms of technical and administrative performance and psychological preparation, and the administrative side must be done with all the interests that make things integrated into all respects, and from here came the importance of research by analyzing the administrative and guidance deviations of volleyball coaches from the players 'point of view.

Research objectives
1-Measurement of the functional and guidance administrative deviation of volleyball coaches.
2-Determine the standard levels of job administrative deviation and guidance for volleyball coaches.

Research fields
Human field: Volleyball League players registered in the Central Volleyball Federation.

Research approach and field procedures:
The researchers used the descriptive approach in the survey method due to its suitability for the current nature of the study. The curriculum is defined as "the art of correct organization of a series of many ideas, either in order to reveal an unknown fact for us or for the sake of demonstrating a fact that others do not know" (Mustafa Hussein Bahi: 2013).

Research community and sample
The research sample community was chosen by volleyball players from the Premier League clubs (Elite), and they numbered (114) players by (8) teams, and the research sample was chosen in a random way. The overall sample was divided into two parts; the first was the building sample, which numbered (27) players, and the second section to the application sample, which numbered (81) players and as in Table (1). 2. Experts and specialists poll form.
3. functional and administrative deviation scale.

Field Research procedures 2.3.1 The research tool
For the purpose of measuring the variables, the researcher began preparing the research tool to see some similar studies by informing him of the sources, literature, and previous in-depth standards of research variables. Two fields were prepared (the field of functional deviation and the field of deviations in field guidance) and may include fields (28 ), A paragraph for the field of functional deviation (30), a paragraph of deviations in the field guidance, and thus the number of the scale paragraphs in its initial form (58) paragraphs and the alternatives that were adopted are (always, sometimes, forever), and grades (3, 2, 1) are given. The axis of deviation in field guidance 12 12 80 %

2-3-1-1 View Vertebrae of the scale to Arbitrators
After the scale was prepared in its initial form, which contained (55) its poverty distributed over two fields, the researcher followed the following: First: The scale was presented in its initial form to a group of arbitrators with experience and specialization in the field of sports management, testing, and measurement specializing in volleyball. This is in order to identify the validity of the scale paragraphs and the extent of their suitability to measure what was set, as well as evaluate and modify the vertebrae and judge them in terms of formulation and accuracy in the content. And some paragraphs were combined because they are similar in meaning, as well as reformulating some of the paragraphs that the arbitrators showed their observations, and the final analysis resulted in raising the paragraphs that were calculated Kai less than the tabular. The number of paragraphs raised (10) paragraphs: From the field of functional deviation axis: (5) paragraphs. From the field of the axis of deviation in field guidance: (5) paragraphs.
The number of paragraphs after the deletion (45) became a paragraph distributed in the fields of scale and as shown in the table. Table. (3)

No domain The number of vertebrae of the scale in its initial form
The number of the scale paragraphs after the percentage of the acceptance of experts 1 The axis of functional deviation 27 22 2 The axis of deviation in field guidance 28 23

2-3-2 Exploratory Experience:
After the scale became ready for application, the researcher conducted the exploratory experience to know (the administrative deviation measure of flying coaches) on a preliminary sample of the players; the researchers, on Thursday (5/5/2022), tested (6) players in order to ensure the understanding of the sample of instructions The scale, their clarity, their understanding of the paragraphs and the style of formulas for volleyball players.

2-3-3 The initial application of the scale:
The scale was applied to the building sample, which are (27) players of the Premier League clubs, which numbered (114) players. After completing the process of distributing and answering the forms, each form was checked and confirmed that the players answered accurately.

2-3-4 Statistical analysis of the scale paragraphs
Paragraph analysis is defined as ((the study that relies on statistical and experimental logical analysis of testing units for the purpose of knowing their characteristics, deleting, modifying, replacing, adding, or rearranging these paragraphs so that a fixed and sincere test can be reached in terms of length and difficulty " (Muhammad Abdul Salam: 1980.
The researchers have adopted the analysis of the vertebrae extremist group style.

An Analytical Study of Administrative Deviations (Functional and Field Guidance) For Volleyball Coaches in Iraq from the Players' Point of View
Page | 28

2-3-4-1 Discrimination power (the two groups)
Low degrees in the scale form and for the purpose of the discriminatory force of the vertebrae after obtaining the answers to the sample of the scale, the researchers followed: 1-Calculating the total degree of the scale for each individual by collecting the degrees of paragraphs through alternatives to the scale and for each of the sample members.
2-The grades obtained by the sample members are arranged in descending.
3-The grades were divided after downloading two groups, one of which represents the individuals who obtained the highest grades and (27%) the upper group, and the second group represents the individuals who obtained the lowest grades and at a rate of (27%) of the minimum group, as Marwan Abdul Majeed (1999) indicates that (27%) of the upper group and (27%) of the lower group is the best percentage by which we get the highest discrimination transactions (Marwan Abdul Majeed: 1999).

2-3-4-2 extremist groups style:
The ability to discriminate is defined as the ability of the paragraph to distinguish between individuals with high degrees and individuals who get low degrees in the characteristic of the scale (Muhammad Abdul Salam: 1980) For the purpose of calculating the force of discrimination in the paragraph, the following researchers followed: 1-Calculating the total score of the scale of all grades obtained by the laboratory for each paragraph.
2-The grades obtained by members of the sample are arranged in descending.
3-The grades were divided into two groups of grades, one of which represents the individuals who got the highest grades. The second represents the individuals who obtained the lowest grades, and each group represents (27%) of the sample members; thus, the researcher formed two higher and minimum groups, each of which is (27) players and to calculate the force of discrimination of the paragraph. Law (T) was used, and the degree of freedom (52) and after the application, Statistical operations to extract the discriminatory force of paragraphs. The following results appeared: 1-The discriminatory force of the scale ranged between (0.72-5.92).
When compared to the (tabular) value of (0.5) below the level of significance (0.05) and under the degree of freedom (52), the unique paragraphs were excluded, and the number was (4) paragraphs.

2-3-4-3 internal consistency laboratories:
Use the internal consistency coefficient in analyzing the standards of measures, i.e., an account of the authenticity of the standards of measures using the inner test by finding the relationship between the degree of each paragraph and the total degree of the dimension that belongs to it, as well as the total degree of the scale and achieve this type of honesty through the use of the simple link law (Pearson Tables (8,7). "It should be confirmed that the components of the test (scale) combined represent the goal for which the test (scale) was set. (Qais Naji & Bastweisi Ahmed: 1987). This is done through the correlation coefficient between the degrees of deportation and the total degree of the scale, and these transactions indicate the internal consistency of the scale.
The simple correlation coefficient (Person) was calculated for the dimensions with the total degree of the scale, as well as the statistical analysis of the paragraphs.
The discriminatory ability of the paragraphs does not determine the extent of their homogeneity in measuring the phenomenon set for its measuring, as there may be close paragraphs in their discriminatory strength, but it measures different dimensions, as this method assumes that the total degree is a criterion for the sincerity of the scale, so the paragraph is deleted when the degree of its association with the total degree and is clear on The basis that "the paragraphs do not measure the phenomenon that the scale measures and that the use of the internal consistency method is characterized by the scale with important features" Their degrees are on the scale as a whole by the statistical bag (SPSS). After completing the statistical analysis of the scale, it was excluded (3) because there was no association compared to the tabular value of (0.195) and the degree of freedom (52).

The scientific foundations of the scale
The process of scale numbers requires the availability of basic and important conditions to ensure the integrity of the scaling process, and these conditions are honesty and stability; this is confirmed that the designers of the test must provide evidence of the stability and sincerity of their tools (Linda Davidov: 1983).

2-4-1 honesty
The sincerity of the information included in the scale means the possibility of this tool measuring the adjective or the goal for which it was designed (LSAAC & Michaal: 1981). The more evidence of the collection of evidence, the more confidence in its use, and the researcher obtained the following honesty indicators:

2-4-1-1 Apparent Honesty:
This type of honesty aims to know the extent of the testing or measurement of the aspects of the characters or the characteristic to be measured, and it is used in determining the opinions of experts specialized in the field that the test is trying to measure. The tests, measurement, and motor learning to determine the validity of the paragraphs and the extent of the ability of these paragraphs to measure what they were placed for.

2-4-1-2 Construction of construction
This type of honesty "depends on theoretical assumptions that are experimentally verified, so it is one of the most complex types of honesty" (Muhammad Hassan Allawi & Muhammad Nasruddin: 2000).

First: extremist groups' style
It is reached by distinguishing the vertebrae in the current scale; this was verified when the discriminatory force of the paragraphs in the style of the two extremist groups and the use of the test (T-Test) calculated Second: Discriminatory ability The researchers used the two-party methods to detect the distinctive vertebrae in building the two scales.
The discriminatory ability means "the extent of the paragraphs' ability to distinguish between people with higher levels and those with minimum levels of players in relation to the field measured by the paragraphs" (Muhammad Hassan Allawi & Muhammad Nasruddin: 2000), and for the purpose of calculating the discriminatory capacity of the scale, the researcher followed two groups of grades representing one of them (27% (Individuals who obtained the highest grades and the second (27%) of individuals who obtained the highest grades, and the higher and the lower world is an acceptable percentage of comparison between two different groups of the total group.

2-4-2 stability of the scale
The stability of the test indicates the degrees that individuals themselves get in the various times of the procedure, and this means that the individual's position in relation to his group does not change fundamentally in this case, as the test means stability in the sense that if the one -individual measuring operations are repeated, his degree would be stable, and from the methods, Statistics to set stability coefficient:

* Alfa Cherbach method.
The researchers used this method because "it is used in any type of objective and article questions" (Saleh Al -Aqili & Samer Al -Shayeb: 1988).
The stability was extracted in this way by applying the Cronbach equation to members of the building sample of (27) players using the statistical bag (SPSS), as it was found that the value of the stability coefficient is equal to (0,914), which is a high stability indicator.

2-6 Statistical estimates of the results of the axis of the scale:
Where the value of the coefficient of twisting (0.45), which is a positive value, indicates that the natural curve is heading towards the right and that the value that the researchers reached is a small value that indicates that the sample was distributed in a way that is almost close to the natural distribution because the model distribution coefficient is equal to zero and escapes whenever it approaches Its value (3).

An Analytical Study of Administrative Deviations (Functional and Field Guidance) For Volleyball Coaches in Iraq from the Players' Point of View
Page | 30 After the researchers collected the data related to the building sample from the players of the excellent class clubs in volleyball and the researchers obtain raw grades, which are degrees without indication and express the initial result of the scale, so it must be converted into standard degrees, which represents the way to determine these raw grades, and through that the grades can be explained Therefore, the researchers tackled the results of the scale statistically through the use of the mathematical medium, standard deviation, ablution degree and T -degree.

2-8 standard levels of the scale:
The levels are standard criteria that represent the goal or purpose to be achieved in relation to any characteristic or characteristic because they include degrees showing the necessary levels, for this level is prepared on individuals with ideal levels. To define these levels, the researchers used the natural distribution curve (Caos), which is considered one of the most common distributions in the field of physical education because many of the characteristics and characteristics that are said in this aspect are close to distributing from the natural curve (Kamal Abdel Hamid & Muhammad Nasr El -Din: 1994)(One of the characteristics of the natural distribution is that its base is divided into normative units in terms of p (5) The levels of the researchers chose so that each level has appeared (1.2) units, which corresponds to (12) degrees of standard grades in the centenary division of the modified normative degrees as shown in Table (5).

2-9 Final application for the scale:
After completing all the requirements and procedures for designing the scale, the scale became ready for application and consisted of (45) paragraphs distributed in four areas, where the first field contained functional deviation (22) paragraphs and the field of deviation in field guidance (23) paragraphs where the researchers applied the scale in its final form on the application sample The number of (81) players of the Premium Class Clubs teams in volleyball. On (5/16/2022), (81), a questionnaire was recovered, and after analyzing the research sample responses, the data was collected in a special form, as each player has their own degree.

2-10 Statistical means:
The researchers used the statistical bag (SPSS) for statistical information.