Tourism Suitability Analysis of Wediombo Beach, Gunungkidul Regency, Yogyakarta Special Region, Indonesia

| ABSTRACT Wediombo Beach, which is located in Gunungkidul Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia, has the potential for beautiful and exotic coastal natural resources on the south coast. The potential for coastal tourism in Gunungkidul Regency still has the opportunity to be developed into mainstay tourism. This study aims to analyze the suitability of Wediombo beach tourism, Gunungkidul district, Yogyakarta Special Region, Indonesia. The research was conducted at Wediombo Beach. The research was conducted descriptively, using survey methods and direct measurements in the field. The study was conducted from March – to October 2021. The results showed that the value of the Tourism Suitability Index (IKW) for Wediombo Beach was 84.52% and was included in the very suitable category (S1).


Introduction
The coastal area of Gunungkidul holds a variety of potential for the diversity of biological natural resources, which is quite high, both in inland areas and in water areas. Gunungkidul Regency has dozens of beautiful beaches lined from the west to the east on the south coast.
Wediombo Beach is one of the beaches on the coast of Gunungkidul, precisely in the village of Jepitu, Girisubo district. This beach has the attraction of beautiful natural beauty, which makes it one of the special beaches in the Gunungkidul district.
According to the Regional Development Planning, Research and Development Agency (BAPPEDA) of Gunungkidul Regency (2019), Wediombo Beach in Gunungkidul Regency has considerable potential, especially in the development of marine tourism. The potential of the beach is very likely to continue to be developed into mainstay tourism in Gunungkidul Regency. This beach is a beach tourism destination that has been managed by the Regional Government.
Law of the Republic of Indonesia No. 10. Year (2009) concerning Tourism in article 1 states that tourism is a variety of tourism activities and is supported by various facilities and services provided by the community, businessmen, government, and local governments. According to Fandel (2000), one of the tourism that can be enjoyed is tourism on the coast, which is a form of utilizing the coastal area which has many activities in the coastal area, it can maximize the natural resources that exist on the coast, in this case including land areas as well as the waters. Yulianda (2007) states that in tourism activities in coastal areas, having a Tourism Conformity Index can be used in weighing all metrics that have been classified into four classes which are stated in Very Appropriate (S1), Appropriate (S2), Conditionally Appropriate (S3), and Unsuitable (TS).

Methodology
The research was conducted at Wediombo Beach, Gunungkidul district, from March -to October 2021. The research was carried out descriptively, using survey methods and direct measurements in the field. Descriptive research is a method that examines and solves problems and provides an interpretation of the current facts. The data taken are primary data and secondary data. The primary data in this study are the results of measurements and direct observations in the field, while the secondary data are obtained through This study aims to analyze the suitability of Wediombo beach tourism, Gunungkidul district, Special Region of Yogyakarta. The data used in this study are primary and secondary. Primary data were obtained through direct measurements and observations in the field, including water depth, beach type, beach width, water base material, current velocity, coastal slope, water brightness, coastal land cover, hazardous biota, and freshwater availability. While secondary data consists of general conditions, geographical location, topography, and demographics from various agencies and libraries that support research.
The tourism suitability analysis uses a suitability matrix that is arranged based on the importance of each parameter used to support activities in the tourist area (Adi et al., 2013). The tourism suitability matrix for the beach recreation category is presented in table 1.
Analysis of the Tourism Suitability Index (IKW) based on the reference from Yulianda (2007), namely: Information : IKW: Tourism Suitability Index Ni: The value of the i-th parameter (Weight x Score) Nmax: Maximum value of tourism category (84) By using the above formula, a score is obtained, where the value mentions the class, the suitability class is divided into 3 (three) classes, including S1 = Very suitable, with a value of 83-100%; S2 = Appropriate, with a value of 50-<83 %; S3 = Conditional with a score of 17 -<50%; and TS= does not correspond to the value <17%.

Description of Research Site
Gunungkidul Regency is one of the regencies in the Special Region of Yogyakarta, with Wonosari as the capital. Administratively, the boundaries of Gunungkidul Regency in the north are bordered by Klaten Regency and Sukoharjo Regency, Central Java, in the south by the Indian Ocean, in the west by Bantul Regency and Sleman Regency, DIY, in the east by Wonogiri Regency, Java. Middle. The total area of Gunungkidul Regency is 1,485.36 km2, or about 46.63% of the total area of the Special Region of Yogyakarta. Administratively, Gunungkidul Regency is divided into 18 sub-districts covering 144 villages and 1,431 hamlets. Gunungkidul has a fairly long coastline of approximately 72 km. The location map of the Gunungkidul district is presented in Figure 1.  Wediombo Beach is located in Jepitu village, Girisubo sub-district, Gunungkidul district, Special Region of Yogyakarta. Girisubo sub-district is the easternmost and southernmost part of the Gunungkidul district, which also borders the province of Central Java. The area of the Girisubo sub-district is more than 9,000 hectares which is divided into 8 villages. More than 50% of the Girisubo sub-district area is dry land, while 30% is community forest. The area of Jepitu village is 1,673.4 Ha, of which 153.11 Ha is designated as non-agricultural land, 1,520.29 Ha as non-agricultural land.
Wediombo Beach has the potential for natural beauty that is quite beautiful and exotic. The existence of melted rock from ancient volcanoes adds to the uniqueness and beauty of Wediombo beach. The location of Wediombo Beach is presented in Figure 3.

Tourism Conformity Index Measurement Results
The measurement results of the Wediombo Beach Tourism Suitability Index are presented in Table 2. According to Yulianda (2010), there are several criteria in coastal tourism, including water depth, beach type, beach width, water base material, current velocity, beach slope, water brightness, and land cover. Beaches, dangerous biota, and freshwater availability. Tourism suitability analysis uses a suitability matrix that has been compiled based on interest in each parameter, which aims to support tourism activities in the beach tourism category at Wediombo Beach.

Water depth
The results of the deep measurement at Wediombo beach have a depth ranging from 0 -3 meters. The range of varying depths is measured from the shoreline to a distance of 200 m towards the sea. Tourists usually carry out beach tourism activities no more than a distance of 200 meters and a depth of no more than 1.5 m, except for tourists who do surfing activities. This depth and distance are considered safe for tourists visiting Wediombo beach tours. Yulisa et al. (2016) stated that water depth is an important aspect in determining coastal tourism areas, especially swimming activities, because it greatly affects safety, and physically, shallow waters are more suitable for coastal tourism than deep waters.

beach type
The type of beach at the research site is white sand with a little rock. Beaches with white sand are generally more attractive to tourists than black, muddy, or rocky sand. This is influenced by the level of comfort of tourists in carrying out tourist activities, especially beach tourism. According to Yulianda (2007), the tourism suitability matrix states that the type of beach with white sand is more suitable for tourism activities than other types of beaches.

beach width
Wediombo Beach has a beach width ranging from 8.43 -to 23.29 meters. According to Tambunan et al. (2013), the wider a beach is, the better it is to become a tourist attraction. The width of the beach can be used by tourists for activities, such as leisurely walking, sunbathing, documenting, cycling, playing with sand, and so on.

Water base material
The basic material or substrate on Wediombo beach is generally rocky sand. Even though there are rocks, these waters are still very suitable for the tourist category.

Current speed
The condition of the waters in the coastal tourist area of Wediombo is quite high, up to a distance of 200 meters from the mainland, because the South coast is directly adjacent to the Indian Ocean.

Beach slope
The slope of the coast at the study site ranges from 0.258o to 2.576o. This value belongs to the flat beach category. Flat beaches will be more suitable for tourist areas. According to Yulianda (2010), a beach slope of <10o is in the flat beach category, while 10o-25o is in the sloping category, and >25o is in the steep category.

Water brightness
The results showed that the brightness of the coastal waters of Wediombo reached 100%. This is because the waters on Wediombo Beach are shallow so that light penetration can penetrate the bottom of the water. According to Wijaya et al. (2018), high brightness can be influenced by the depth of shallow water that has been penetrated by sunlight to the water column.

Land cover
The land cover on Wediombo beach is open land, and there are several trees such as fir trees, coconut trees, sea pandanus, ketapang, waru trees, etc.

Dangerous biota
Observations of dangerous biota need to be done to anticipate the occurrence of dangers that threaten tourists. Dangerous biota commonly found in Wediombo coastal waters is Bulu Bali. Sea urchins are usually under rocks; some are visible but more often not visible.

Freshwater availability
The availability of fresh water at Wediombo beach is still sufficient. The distance from tourist sites is also relatively close, which is no more than 500 m. The availability of fresh water is very important in life, including in tourism activities (Yulia et al., 2016).