Meaning Relationships in the Definitions of the Big Indonesian Dictionary

The dictionary is an important reference source for finding the meaning of a word. The dictionary presents not only denotative meanings but also displays contextual meanings. This study aims to describe the macrostructure of the lemma in the dictionary, the definition of the lemma, and the relation of meaning. The method used in this study is a qualitative method with the subject of the Big Indonesian Dictionary. The object of research is the lemma in the dictionary. The data is selected and recorded in the data card and then identified based on the macrostructure of the dictionary, the definition of the lemma, and the relation of meaning to the definition of the lemma and between the entries. This study uses two approaches, namely the lexicographic approach and the semantic approach. The lexicographic approach was used to analyze the data based on the macrostructure and the lemma definition model. The semantic approach is used to determine the analysis of meaning based on the characteristics of the meaning relations of synonyms, polysemy, antonyms, opinions, meronyms, and homonyms. The results of this study found that the arrangement of the word combinations and sub-lemmas in the dictionary was ordered alphabetically, while the arrangement of the rephrasing and affixation sub-elements was ordered by the morphological process. The definition of a lemma uses the definition of synonyms, synonymous phrases, negation phrases with synonyms, phrases with adverbs, differential genus, differential genus + synonyms, synonyms + Differential Genus, and context definitions. The meaning relations that appear in the definition of lemma are synonyms, polysemy, antonyms, homonyms, and meronyms. The meaning relation that appears in the relationship between the entries is a homonym. a main of running a sub-lemma the of a combination of and words formed from the " run," undergone a process of repetition and affirmation. sublemma is defined separately. The running lemma is by a combination of words from the main running themes, namely --beranting, --fast, --married, --with obstacles, --goal, --marathon, is fast running, married running, hurdles and marathon running. writing teacher Indonesian appropriate careful learning learning context


Introduction
Language is one of the symbols of abstraction from a person's thought process about the object of life, which is expressed in words (Suriasumantri, 1981). In particular, language signs are concrete and integral linguistic objects. Langue is a sign of language that is not just a list of words but is related to concepts that, in Saussure's terms, are called significant and significant (Saussure, 1988). There is a relationship between language signs and referents/thinking concepts called meaning. Although, the language sign in question is arbitrary or by the consensus and agreement between language users. Language users may not be able to explain why the same thing can be called differently in different areas. Language is also the most important communication tool in human civilization and cultural development. In every period of language development, there are always interesting things to research. Various new words and terms develop along with the development of culture, especially in the digital era. The rapid development of language, especially in the development of vocabulary, encourages someone to look for the right source of information.
A dictionary is a reference book when someone studies the lexicon (vocabulary) to understand a language. This is based on three considerations, viz. First, the dictionary contains information about many vocabularies. Second, the dictionary presents meaningful information clearly through precise and careful word definitions. Third, the dictionary presents various variations of writing and pronunciation of vocabulary (Setiawan, 2015). The development of new words will certainly enrich the vocabulary in the dictionary entries. This will affect the development of dictionaries in a country. These new words can be observed with lexicographic and semantic approaches. Lexicography is used to show the contribution of words to the compilation of the dictionary, while the meaning relation approach is used to show the meaning of words that can be used as a definition of a word that has become a lemma in the dictionary. The semantic approach is used to explain the meaning relations that exist in the definition of the lemma. In certain cases, the definition of a lemma in the dictionary is often found in the definition of a word that relates to the situation and condition of the user. Information related to the context of use is marked with various labels. The science that deals with dictionaries are called lexicography. Lexicography is closely related to the lexicon. Lexicology and lexicography are activities in the field of linguistics that are close to each other. Both must be carried out sequentially, starting with lexicology which is a theoretical scientific study, followed by lexicography which is a practical activity. The product of lexicographic activities is in the form of a dictionary. The dictionary in question is a general dictionary consisting of a monolingual dictionary and a bilingual dictionary. A monolingual dictionary is a one-language dictionary, for example, the Big Indonesian Dictionary, which will later be called the KBBI. In its development, the KBBI has undergone several revisions. It even exists in digital form that can be accessed through the KBBI application or accessed directly online.
Bilingual dictionaries are the product of translated lexicography. The words in the dictionary are etymologically derived from various languages through the process of adoption, adaptation, or absorption of concepts. An example of a bilingual dictionary is the Indonesian-English or English-Indonesian Dictionary. Monolingual dictionaries arise because there is a need for people who hope for guidance in the use of the language they have mastered (Reimer, 2010). Custom dictionaries are part of the thermographic product. Examples of special dictionaries or terms are linguistic dictionaries, medical dictionaries, biological dictionaries, and others. Terminography is based on the study of terminology. Terminology is the study of language descriptions related to theoretical and methodological goals in certain fields of science. The famous Lexicographic Journal published by Oxford contains many articles on the lexicon. Journal of the Lexicon published in South Africa. In Indonesia, research using dictionary data sources is rarely carried out in the field of education. The use of the Indonesian language dictionary, which is a monolingual dictionary, has received less attention from students and teachers. This is different from the use of bilingual dictionaries, especially the English-Indonesian Dictionary, which is always present in learning English in Indonesian schools. In learning English, students and teachers commonly use dictionaries, while when learning Indonesian, teachers, and students do not always use dictionaries as reference material.

Literature Review
The dictionaries that appeared early were bilingual dictionaries because people wanted to acquire knowledge of a language that they had not mastered. In its development, people need guidance in using the language they have mastered so that a monolingual dictionary appears, which presents a complete definition of meaning and information (Reimar, 2010). A dictionary is referred to as a semasiological tool which is a list of words so that one can access meaning through words. This is different from the thesaurus, which is a list of concepts (Reimer, 2010). The definitions found in the dictionary use a semasiological approach to meaning. This approach starts from the individual lexemes of the language and then determines the meaning of each (Setiawan, 2015; Nugraha, A. D. S., 2018; Fitriah, L., Permatasari, A. I., Karimah, H., & Iswatiningsih, D., 2021), conveys that a dictionary is a book that contains a list of words arranged alphabetically. Dictionaries also contain meanings and information described in one language or another. Research on dictionaries cannot be separated from the term lexicography (Bergenholtz, 2012;Sujarno, 2016; Dewandono, W. A., 2020), providing several definitions of lexicography. One definition states that lexicography is a scientific discipline that deals with two things. First, the process of compiling a dictionary related to writing and editing is referred to as practical lexicography. Second, descriptions of vocabulary and their meanings that connect certain words in the dictionary are called theoretical lexicography or metallexicography.
The meaning in the relation between sign and signifier in the semiotic sense is also used in anthropology, philosophy, and so on (KBBI, 2001; Anne, 2015; Hasbullah, M., 2020). For example, cloudy means that it will rain. A well-dressed, clean person signifies a certain class. Certain symbols will signify regional or religious. For example, the skullcap signifies a certain religion. The kris signifies a certain tribe. Certain sound symbols or symbols will also have meaning. For example, the sound in Morse. The symbols are not just objects, sounds, or certain phenomena but can be in the form of speech or writing. Symbols that are represented in the form of speech or writing are the study of the field of language or linguistics. The meaning of a language will relate to various branches of science because language lives and develops in society. Language is used in various societies and various situations. Language arbitrariness is an agreement between users from these various communities. For example, a form of the same word can be interpreted differently in different environments. For example, the word atos means hard in Javanese and means already in Sundanese. These words not only refer to different things but can also have different connotations. Or the same concept or reference will be named differently elsewhere. For example, the word papaya will be called kates in Javanese, gandul in Banyumasan, paporit in Sundanese, and so on. Meaning in linguistics is often identified with the field of semantics, but when viewed from the context of use, meaning does not have to be included in the semantic field, but there are other fields (Lyon, 2005). Abroad understanding meaning in the use of language is included in the area of pragmatics. Pragmatics is a linguistic phenomenon that refers to the use in the human mind and culture that is outside the context of language, which is called metalinguistics ( Indonesian language learning at the elementary and middle school levels contains meaning relation material that appears when linguistic material in certain texts, especially in learning descriptions for grade 7 junior high school level. The material includes synonyms in the descriptive text. The linguistic elements of general words and special words can be related to hyponymy relations (Kuswoyo, 2019). The use of words in certain contexts and situations in literary texts will find more meaningful relationships. Means relations are not only a concern for teaching materials or linguists but also become the attention of various scientific disciplines (Aswat, 2019; Lestari, D. P., Ekawati, M., & Cahyani, D. D., 2019). Philosophy, psychology, anthropology, literature, computer science, and so on. Meaning relations are related to lexical relations. The relationship between 1 lexeme or word to another word has a meaningful relationship. This happens because a lexeme will have a meaning apart from its denotative nature, which also depends on its use or the context of the sentence. The definition of meaning in the dictionary is often accompanied by examples of usage. A lexeme can have several meanings in different contexts and sentences, giving rise to different relationships. There are several theories about lexical relations or often also called semantic relations, because they are related to the relationship between lexical meanings. The contribution of the meaning relation theory was put forward by Atkin, Reimer, Cruze and Murphy, and Lyon. Their theories are mutually supportive and have many similarities. Atkin and Reimer a lot, referring to Cruse. The meaning relation theory is closely related to the field of semantics and the definition of the lemma in the dictionary.

Methodology
This study used the descriptive qualitative method. The qualitative method was chosen because this study aims to understand the meaning and uniqueness of the object under study. The object that will be understood and found to be unique is the lemma in the Indonesian Dictionary, which is related to the definition of the lemma. Research using qualitative methods is suitable for research purposes, namely finding problems, understanding the meaning and uniqueness of the object under study, understanding processes and social interactions, understanding people's feelings, constructing understanding and finding hypotheses, ensuring data validity, researching developmental history. The main subject of this research is library documentation, namely the Big Indonesian Language Dictionary 5th edition published by the Language Development and Development Agency, Ministry of Education and Culture. The dictionary used by it was published in 2018 with a thickness of 1964 pages. The second data subject is an online KBBI dictionary which can be accessed via the internet. The main object of the research is the entries and sub-lemmas in the Big Indonesian Dictionary (KBBI V). The entries collected are standard-type entries, not abbreviated or grammatical entries. The entries are collected randomly. Objects are not selected based on a specific theme. Data collection is done by recording documents (content analysis) contained in the Big Indonesian Dictionary online and offline in the KBBI book published by Balai Bahasa. List of selected entries and their meanings. A Recording is done using a data card. In qualitative research, the researcher acts as human interest in the sense that the researcher carries out the function of setting focus, selecting informants as data sources, interpreting, giving meaning, and concluding findings. The components owned by the lemma are marked with a V mark. Data analysis in qualitative research is inductive in nature, namely analysis based on data acquisition which is developed into a hypothesis.

KBBI macrostructure
The structure of the dictionary is a sequence of how to place entries in a certain order. The arrangement is made alphabetically. In the KBBI, it can be seen that the composition of the entries can be detailed as follows;

a. Compilation of Key Phrases
The main entries into the KBBI entries are arranged in alphabetical order. Order entries based on the order of the letters in alphabetical order. Entries with the same initial letter are ordered by the second letter. Entries that have the same second letter are listed in the third letter. Example; (1) eternal/ aba di/ a eternal; endless: (2) Balairung /ba·lai·rung/ kl n the hall or big pendapa where the king is in front of his people (in Yogyakarta and Surakarta it is called Bangsal Kencana ).
(3) cipai/ ci·pai/ n types of hoop monkeys; Semnopithecumelalophos (4) darji/ dar ji/ kl n tailor; tailor/ (5) endemic/ en·de·mi/ /éndémi/ n Docs of diseases that are contagious in an area or in a group of people; blight The main entries in the KBBI are sorted alphabetically according to the initial letter of each lemma a badi, alairung , c ipai, d arji, endemic, and so on. Entries that have the same initial letter are then sorted according to the second letter; if the second letter has something in common, then look at the third letter, and so on.
Example; (6) good 1/a good/ a very good; good: the game --once; refine /make good/v make good; the best/the best/a the best; better/ba·gus·an/ a cak is better; to improve/make good a good/ v make to make it better; goodness/ good gus n/ n good thing; beauty; beauty.
b. Compilation of Homonyms Hominem lemmas are lemmas that have the same form but have no related meaning. The arrangement of homonym entries by using numbering. The order of numbers in the same lemma is optional. The order of entries usually starts with the most frequently used word. Example; (10) universe /world/ n earth; world; nature: there is nothing in --this that doesn't change; --the world of the universe; --virtual imaginary world; --the rat of the universe; --the universe of the universe; the whole world; the universe is a key element that has sub-elements -world, --virtual, --rat, and -Raya, which can be read as the global universe, the virtual universe, the rat universe, and the universe. The order of sub-lemmas is arranged alphabetically based on the initial letters of the words that follow the main theme, namely b in Buana, m in Maya, a, r in rat, and r in Raya. The words rat and Raya have the same second letter, namely a, so the order of sub-lemmas is based on the third letter, namely t in rat and y in Raya. In alphabetical order, t is preceded by y, so the sublemma --rat is listed above --Raya.

d. Preparation of Sublema Repetition and Affixation Process
Sublemma that comes from the repetition process is placed after the definition of the main theme. There are several repetition sublemmas that appear in the KBBI. The repetition words are in the form of basic verbs and affixed words. The basic verbs that become sub-lemmas in the compilation of KBBI entries are placed after the definition of the lemma. Re-words that undergo the affixation process are arranged in the order of the affixation process. If the main item has a compounded sub-lemma, the reformation sub-lemma is placed after the combined sub-lemma. Example; (11) run /la ri / 1 v stride with great speed: after being caught, the thief --helter-skelter; 2v lost; vanished: -the spirit ; 3 v go (out) not in a legal way (all right); escape: many prisoners are --from prison; 4 v went (moved) to save himself: for fear of being caught, the thief --went out of town; 5 n directions; goals: the police are following where the criminals are; 6 n the length of a field: the space --it is four meters; 7 v shift: the tile pair --1 cm; --relay running by several runners (usually 4 people) in succession (one continues the other's run); relay; --fast Our ran as fast as he could (at a short distance); --elopement with the consent of the girl; --with obstacles running races with various obstacles; --goal Olr run by jumping over the hurdles of the goal; --marathon long-distance running (by covering a distance of 5 km, 10 km, 40,195 km, and so on); run /la·ri-la·ri/ v run with short, slow steps; run/ber·la·ri / v walk fast: they ~ catch the bus; ~ the dog runs with short, slow steps; ~ stomach feels nauseous; run around /ber la ri-la ri/ v run slowly: before competing, they ~ first; running around /ber la ri an/ v running everywhere; running around /ber la ri-la ri an/ v running around playing; run away /me la ri kan/ v 1 carry away: she was arrested for ~ underage girl; 2 run fast: forbidden ~ fast cars in the middle of the city; 3 brought quickly: they tried ~ all his before the enemy arrived; ~ self save yourself; ~ lives save lives; ~, fortunately, go to earn a living everywhere; escape /la·ri·an/ n escape; ~ horses where horse races are held; racetrack; runner/pe·la·ri/ n 1 person running; 2 runners in the race; escape/pe·la·ri·an/ n 1 about running; about escape: his eyes wildly look around like the eyes of a thief in ~; 2 refugees; 3 places to run; runaway/ se pe la ri an/ n 1 how far to run (about the distance): the distance ~ horse; 2 are both refugees: he ~ with me at the time of the revolution in succession without stopping The lemma has 7 definitions in the definition of the lemma. Each definition is marked with a number. The main theme of running is followed by a sub-lemma in the form of a combination of words and words formed from the word " run," which has undergone a process of repetition and affirmation. Each sublemma is defined separately. The running lemma is followed by a combination of words from the main running themes, namely --beranting, --fast, --married, --with obstacles, --goal, --marathon, which is read as fast running, married running, hurdles and marathon running. The writing is ordered after the definition of the subject matter. Sublemma repetition can be in the form of basic repetition and repetition with affixation, for example, run, run, run. The basic verb sublemma is ordered after the word compound sublemma. Sublemmas of repeated words that undergo the affixation process are not sorted alphabetically but are sorted based on the word-formation process. For example, the running sub-lemma is ordered after the running sub-lemma because its formation goes through the process of running+running prefix, after which it is a repetition process. The running sublemma is sorted after the running sublemma because of the formation process starting from the root word + ber+an+ repetition.

Description of Definitions of Entries in the KBBI
The definition of the meaning of lemma in the KBBI includes the definition of synonyms consisting of synonyms, synonyms, synonyms with negation, definitions using differential genus, context, and examples with the following variations ; a. Definition of Synonyms The definition using the synonym definition model in the KBBI can be described in various patterns, namely the definition of pure synonyms, synonymous phrases, and synonymous phrases. Entries are defined using single synonyms.
Example; (12) happy /ge bi ra/ a like; happy; proud; happy; (13) animal /animal / /héwan/ n animal; (14) ox/ ox bu/ n cow; An ox is defined as a cow. Generally, beef and ox lema are interchangeable. Ox is a synonym with the word cow, while the word cow is defined using a different type (15) cow 1 / sa pi/ n ruminant, horned, even-toed, four-legged, large, domesticated for meat and milk; oxen;

b. Definition of Synonym Phrases
The paraphrasing definition model is an indirect synonym model at the level of understanding which is not necessarily interchangeable.
(16) father 1 n 1 biological parents male (17) excellent 1/ba gus/ a very good; (18) firmament/ cak·ra·wa·la/ n 1 curvature of the sky; Father lemma, good, the horizon is defined by using phrases to explain the meaning of the lemma very good. The longing for the father (Ebit G Ade's song) is interpreted as longing for the figure of a male biological parent, not a female biological parent. But it would not be comfortable if it was written. Leave longing for the biological parents of the male c. Definition of Negation Phrases and Synonyms Although the definition using negative is not a good definition and needs to be avoided, the fact is that the definition is still used in the definition of the KBBI lemma. The form of negation used is no, rarely, and opposite. Example; (19) empty /ham pa/ a 1 does not contain; empty: paddy -just throw it away; 2 ki not excited; lonely: his feelings (his heart) --; 3 ki wasted; to no avail: --only he looked for work in the city, nowhere there were vacancies; 4 stupid ki; uninformed: there is no point in reasoning with people --; --rice grains that are empty (not filled); --1st hand brings nothing (goes home empty-handed); 2 ki did not work; got nothing; --air no air; vacuum; emptied out/ ham pa kan/ v 1 emptied; 2 ki let go home empty-handed; disappointing; emptiness/to·ham·pa·an/ n 1 void; 2 ki stupidity (20) rare/rare / a rare; rare; rare: it is strictly forbidden to kill an animal that has been --; rarity/ke·lang·ka·an/ n about the rarity The definition of the word negation is not good and needs to be avoided, but in some cases, it is still used in the definition of the lemma in the KBBI. The word negation used is the word not, and rarely empty lemma is defined as not containing, not passionate, nothing as a result, uninformed and useless.

Usage in sentences
Empty rice is thrown away Rice that doesn't contain it is thrown away It is strictly forbidden to kill endangered animals It is strictly forbidden to kill animals that are rarely found *It is strictly forbidden to kill animals that are no longer available The word does not contain an absolute meaning that is contrary to the definition in question, while the word rarely contains the meaning that the word referred to in the lemma is still in a limited number.

d. Definition of Synonym with Description
A lemma is defined by the synonym of the word that becomes the lemma plus a description marked with brackets.
Lema carik is defined as strands with an explanation for paper, meaning that the word carik cannot be used to replace strands that are followed by the word hair. Strands followed by the word cannot be replaced by cari daun.
He took some pieces of paper to print out the invitations He took some scraps of paper to print out the invitations A few strands of hair fall out every time you comb it * A few strands of hair fall out every time you comb it Eternal lemmas are defined by the word fixed and then given an explanation using brackets, namely unchanged, not shifted, and so on. The term car is defined by the synonym phrase easy to move with an explanation of moving or being moved. This means that the movement is carried out in the sense of moving, so it is not moving like a fan, for example.

e. Definition of Differential Genus
The definition using a differential genus is a definition that makes it easier for the reader to understand the meaning of the word in question. Example; (24) bread/ ro·ti/ n foods made from wheat flour as the main ingredient, many kinds; The bread category is defined in terms of the genus, mentions the type of food, then is given an explanation of the ingredients and other information.
f. Differential Genus Definition, Synonyms This definition is an indirect synonym definition because the reader is directed to the meaning of the term, and then the synonym is shown. The entries are defined using the differential genus, and then the synonyms are mentioned. Example; (25) horizon /ho·ri·zon/ n Geo of the lower sky bordering the earth's surface or the sea; skyline; horizon (26) firmament /cak ra wa la/ n 1 celestial arch; 2 heavens (place of the stars); 3 the circulation of the stars in the sky (often also means as a star in the sky); 4 skylines; the edge of the sky; view borders; horizons; 5ki range The lemma horizon is defined by giving the definition of the lemma in a differential genus before writing its synonym, namely horizon. In another segment, the horizon lemma is also defined with several meanings before writing its synonym, namely horizon.
g. Definition of Synonym, Differential Genus Definitions using synonyms followed by differential genus are in the following example ; (27) athlete /at let/ /atlét/ n sportsmen , especially those who take part in competitions or competitions (strength, agility, and speed) The category athlete is defined synonymously with the word athlete. Then it is continued with the understanding of the specificity of athletes in the subject of competitions or competitions so that it can be interpreted that people who exercise in the morning by walking or cycling are not included in the definition of athletes. Lema has three meanings that are applied to 3 different fields of science. The first definition is without explanation of the field of science. The second and third definitions are the fields of biology (bio) and geology (geo). Each definition is marked with a numbering sequence of 1, 2, and 3 which indicates that the meaning contains different meanings in different contexts of knowledge.

Description of Meaning Relationships in KBBI
The meaning relation that appears in the KBBI's definition of a lemma indicates a meaning relation between the lemma and the definition, the relation in the definition of the lemma, and the relation between the lemma in the macro-structural level of the lemma. These relations are lexical relations such as synonymy, polysemy, antonyms, hyponyms, and homonyms. Based on the data, several entries do not have a lexical relationship between the entries and their meanings. However, some entries lexically have more than one lexical relationship; that is, they can be synonyms with polysemy, synonyms with antonyms, polysemy, synonyms, and antonyms, and so on meaning relations that appear in the definition of KBBI entries. The embodiment of the relation of meaning can be shown through the definition model and explanation of how to present the theme. The description of the meaning relation in the definition of the KBBI lemma can be shown as follows; a. Description of Synonym Relations Synonym relations are shown from words that become dictionary entries with the definition of dictionary entries that meet the characteristics of synonyms. The main theme contains word elements that are synonymous in their definitions. On the other hand, there are key elements in the form of words that are components of the definition. A Synonymous word test is to use substitution.

Example
(29) err /khi·laf/ a mistake; wrong (unintentional); (30) wrong /ke li ru/ a 1 wrong: the assumption that --; 2 mistakes; mistake: he --kicks the ball into his own goal; 3 heresies: teachings that --; 4 are mixed up: his sandals --with mine; (31) false /wrong/ a 1 is not true; incorrect: he corrected his calculations which --; 2 wrong; err: he -interprets the verse; 3 deviate from what should be: they --walk; 4 missed; miss the mark; failed: two shots --and only the third time he succeeded; 5 blemishes; handicaps: even though you are old, there is nothing --if you want to learn more; 6 mistakes: not --me if he doesn't keep his promise; The meaning of meaning that is present in the definition of the lemma can be formulated err = wrong = wrong wrong = wrong = wrong wrong = mistake = wrong Each word that is a component of the meaning of a stand-alone lemma becomes a lemma that has meaning in the aforementioned lemma. The mistake of error has a synonymous meaning relation with the words wrong and wrong. This can be proven by the presence of the words erroneous and wrong, which are present as the main elements of which one of the definitions contains the word erroneous. The erroneous lemma has a section on the definition of erroneous and erroneous, which is indicated by different numbering, namely number 1 for wrong and no 2 for error. The wrong lemma has a wrong definition and an error in one section, which is marked by the same numbering. The wrong lemma has a broader meaning than wrong and erroneous because the lemma has 6 definitions which are marked by numbering the meaning. This results in that the words cannot be interchanged even though they have interchangeable meaning components. The environment that allows a conversation to occur is a combination of participants, topics, and places (e.g., family, education, workplace, religion, and so on); 5 Psi part (unit) of human behavior: --affective, various behaviors related to feelings; --Cognitive, behavior that becomes the activity of cognition or thought.
Examples of domain names have five meanings marked by numbering. The meanings of four and five are indicated by the collocation italics, namely ling and psi. This means that the definition of the lemma that is defined is not only 1 meaning. Understanding 4 is an understanding of the use of the linguistic field. At number 5 is written psi; namely, the word has the meaning of number 5 when used in the field of psychology. Although some entries do not use scientific field descriptions because of their general use. This shows that the domain lemmas have a plain mic relationship.
c. Description of Hyponym and Hypernym Relationship Hyponyms are related to the type or class of words, then the definition through the characteristics of the lemma is interpreted and then pulled up or down because hyponyms are related to the top-down relationship, the term co-hyponym appears, namely the relationship between words that fall into a certain type and hypernyms, namely words general that surround it.
(35) chickens n birds that are generally flightless can be tamed and reared, have a comb, the male crows and has claws, while the female crows; --lays eggs in rice, PB h (lives happily and in luxury; -tethered by an eagle, PB is very unfortunate; has bad luck; --black flies at night, PB is difficult to detect (about cases and so on); --king ducks in their place, PB everyone is in power in his place or his environment; --white flies by day, PB is easy to spot (about cases and so on); (36) bird /bu·rung/ n 1 an animal with two legs, wings, and feathers, and usually able to fly; poultry; 2 designations of the type of poultry (usually those that can fly); 3 patches of male genitalia; --fly crushed pepper, PB something that is not necessarily obtained has been designed for use; strong --because of the wings, each person's PB has its strength (ability); one cage two --, PB two women both want a man; (37) ducks and birds that live on land, good at swimming, their bodies are like swans, but smaller, including domestic animals; duck; --spurred, PB is very cowardly but arrogant; like --coming home late, PB is very slow (runs); --swimming in the sea (water), dying of thirst, PB, suffers hardship because he can't (or doesn't get the opportunity) to take advantage of the existing wealth; such as --hearing thunder, PB hoping for luck and so on that doesn't necessarily come.
The word poultry appears in the definitions of chicken, bird, and duck k. Strictly speaking, it can be stated that the names of chickens, birds, and ducks have the same word in the definition, namely poultry which is the genus of the defined category. The next section describes the special characteristics as an explanation that distinguishes the meaning between chickens, birds, and ducks.
chicken → poultry birds → poultry duck → poultry This emphasizes that chickens, birds, and ducks have a hyponym relationship with the word poultry. The proof of hyponymy relations in the chicken, bird, and duck lemma is at the microstructural and macrostructural levels. At the microstructural level, the relationship between chickens and poultry can be seen. Bird with fowl and duck with fowl, which proves that chicken, bird, and fowl are hyponyms of the word ungags. The relationship between chickens, birds, and ducks is a hyponym d. Description of Meronym Relationship Meronymy relation is described as relation X part of Y. The surrounding part is called a holonym Example (38) bar 1 /rod pliers/ n 1 part of the plant that is above the ground, where branches and twigs grow (in plants with pieces, there is a place where the leaf midrib is attached); 2 long or elliptical objects: -gold; --iron ; 3 stalks (flowers, mushrooms, oars, etc.): -- The definition that occurs is that the genus is called part the characteristics of plants appear, the next section describes branches and twigs. Based on this explanation, stem lemma is a meronym of the word part of the plant followed by other meronyms, namely branches and twigs.
(39) Branch/ branch/ n 1 part of the trunk that grows from a tree or branch (large branches are called branches, and small branches are called twigs ): this tree is not much --there are; 2 poles (sticks and so on) whose ends are split into an angle (Y); sophisticated; fork: the tree is supported by --; 3 parts that are split or split apart from the core: --the road; --river; 4 business units (shops, shops), institutions, associations, offices, and so on that are part of a larger unit; filial: office --; the college has hundreds --all over the country; e. Description of Homonym Relationships Words that are referred to in homonymous relationships have no meaning relationship between the lemma and their definitions.
Homonyms are more about the similarity of form and sound of a word. Homonyms in the dictionary are important because people who are looking for the meaning of a word will certainly see the context of the existing sentence so they can decide which word is meant.
Homonym relations can be shown by the number description on five points. (40) agan 1 Mk, beragan/ber·a·gan/ v means; intend: we ~ go wander (41) bro 2 V, annoy, tease (42) bro 3 SD n skipper a 1 there is a description of Mk which means the word comes from Minangkabau. Bro, there is an explanation v, which means that the word is indeed Indonesian in the verb class. While the word again 3 has a description of SD, which means the word comes from Sundanese. The words agan1 and agan2 are interpreted as equivalence in the regional language because of the different etymology of the language.

Conclusion
Based on the results of the study, it can be seen that the KBBI monolingual dictionary does not only have denotative meanings but has a variety of meanings contained in the definition of entries. The meaning relation includes the meaning relation between the lemma and its definition, the relation in the definition of the item, and the relation between the entries. This meaning relation can be found in the microstructure and macrostructure of the KBBI. KBBI macrostructures are written in alphabetical order. The main entries are written in alphabetical order. Homonym entries are arranged by numbering. Sublemma in the form of a combination of words is written after the definition of the lemma with a sign--to replace the main theme that is combined; the words that are the combination are sorted alphabetically. Sublemma, which is the process of repetition and affixation of the main themes, are sorted according to the process of their formation. The definition of the lemma plays an important role in determining the relation of meaning. The definitions of entries in the KBBI include definitions of synonyms, definitions of synonymous phrases, definitions of negation and synonymous phrases, definitions of the differential genus, definitions of the differential genus, synonyms, and definitions of synonyms, differential genus, definitions of context. There is a horizontal relationship, but the entries also have a vertical relationship between the entries and sub-lemmas or one lemma with another. The relation of meaning in the definition of the KBBI lemma includes synonyms, polysemy, antonyms, hyponyms, and meronyms. Homonym relations are found in different entries. Each lemma does not always have a relation of meaning but can have several relations of meaning.
The many relationships of meaning in the definition of the KBBI lemma will enrich the teacher in providing examples and understanding of linguistic aspects in studying texts which are Indonesian language learning materials. An Indonesian teacher does not have to be a language expert, but the deep knowledge of an Indonesian teacher will lead students to appropriate and careful learning according to the learning context in elementary, middle, or high school.
Funding: This research received no external funding.

Conflicts of Interest:
The authors declare no conflict of interest. Publisher's Note: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers.